Opportunism in Memory 1 Opportunism in Memory : Preparing for Chance Encounters
نویسندگان
چکیده
Recognizing opportunities to achieve pending goals is an important cognitive ability. But when and how do we recognize that a current situation is especially suited to resuming a past goal? The predictive encoding model suggests pending goals are stored in memory as associations with environmental features. Optimally, these features are (1) predicted to be necessary for successful goal satisfaction; (2) derived by advance planning when deciding to postpone the goal; and (3) described so as to be readily identified in the environment. Later, ordinary perception of features in the environment leads to automatic recognition of opportunities already prepared in memory. Evidence from experimental studies support this theory, and demonstrate that general preparation can produce apparently novel opportunism. These findings suggest ways to facilitate the recognition of opportunities to satisfy pending goals.
منابع مشابه
Safeguarding Interorganizational Performance and Continuity Under Ex Post Opportunism
Opportunism is a central construct in exchange theory. Economists contend that despite the firm’s best efforts to erect governance structures that reduce opportunism and preserve outcomes, there is always some opportunism that remains once the transaction is in place. Despite this, there are few studies that systematically investigate the safeguarding efficacy of relationship attributes in the ...
متن کاملSupplier Opportunism in Buyer-Supplier New Product Development: A China-U.S. Study of Antecedents, Consequences, and Cultural/Institutional Contexts
Collaborating with a supplier in a buying firm’s new product development (NPD) project is commonly advocated and adopted, but does not always improve project performance. Some pre-existing collaboration contexts, such as buyer-supplier NPD projects, are especially exposed to supplier opportunism due to the uncertain nature of the collaboration process. Adopting agency theory and transaction cos...
متن کاملOpportunism is not the only reason why firms exist: why an explanatory emphasis on opportunism may mislead management strategy
The object of the present essay is neither to overturn transaction cost economics nor to deny the reality of opportunism. Instead, it is to question the explanatory role of the concept of opportunism in the transaction cost analysis of Oliver Williamson and his followers. Williamson has suggested that potential or actual opportunism emerges as the source of the ‘transaction costs’ involved in m...
متن کاملسنجش تفکر استراتژیک در بین مدیران ستادی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی درمانی تهران
Introduction: Strategic thinking plays a very important role in continuing survival and development in today's dynamic and changing environments. Strategic thinking is a tool that helps managers creates development plans and new opportunities. This study aimed to evaluate the compliance of strategic thinking with the elements of Goldman model including conceptual thinking, systematic thinking, ...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
دوره شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2015